Wrench



April 28, 1931. P. oLLAGNoN WRENCH Filed Oct. 27, 1928 Patented Apr. 28, 1931 PAUL oLLAeNoN, or sr. ETIENNE, runen WRENCH Application led October 27, 1928, Serial No. 816,531, and in France November 5. 1927.'

The present invention has for its object a wrench for pipes, rods, nuts and so forth, of

a novel and useful construction.

By way of example a wrench according to the invention is shown in side elevation in the accompanying drawing.

Referring to the drawing, the new wrench comprises a fixed jaw a formed on a handle b, to which a moving jaw assembly consisting of a moving jaw c pivoted at d to a stirrup e, is pivoted at An adjusting stirrup g also pivoted at f has a cross piece coacting with a toothing or rack i on the back of the moving jaw c. It will be observed that the members o e g form a triangular linkage pivoted as a whole to the fixed jaw. This linkage can swing freely on the pivot f between limits set by abutments p and q on the fixed jaw while the extent of opening is independently set by moving the stirrup g with respect to the stirrup e, in effect changing the length of the member c of the triangular linkage. A spring k abuts the fixed jaw at Z and the moving jaw at a point j between the pivot d and the outer end of the jaw c. The eiect of this spring therefore is to urge the jaw outwards with respect to the stirrup g, thus holding the cross piece h in engagement with the rack z', while at the same time tending to turn the whole moving jaw assembly about the pivot f in such a direction as to close the jaws.

The wrench thus constructed is used in the following manner S5 (a) rlhe stirrup g is turned about the pivot f to set the opening of the wrench slightly smaller than the diameter o to be gripped. By co-action of the cross-piece 71.

with the rack z' this opening is maintained L0 set.

(b) A pressure is now exerted on the base of the moving jaw so that the necessaryextra opening required to span the article to be gripped is obtained by pivoting about the axis f.

(c) flhe article is then pushed well down to the bottom of the opening between the jaws or grips. A lateral pull on the handle in the proper direction will then ensure a grip which increases as the pull increases;

by actuating the handle in the reverse direction, the arrangement of the jaws permits the wrench to disengage. A further lateral pull in the first direction produces a fresh grip so that the newwrench operates ratchet fashion.

To this end the jaw teeth are formed as shown so as to bite in the gripping direction.

On the moving jaw they are formed on a jaw profile of concave curvature of long radius, and on the ixed jaw on a convexcurve of long radius, the centre of which is displaced with respect to the line f h of the adjusting stirrup g.

In the drawing the teeth are indicated by m and n. The gripping position of the wrench is shown in dotted lines, the correpordjng reference' letters bearing the af- The function of the spring c'is to permit 70 the entry of the article to be gripped after the exercise of a simple pressure and to ensure the seizure of the article when the pressure is released as well as to maintain the movin jaw in the above position.

It a so functions during the ratchet-like action, being compressed during the opening of the jaws, and expanding to ensure the reseizure of the article in the gripping movement.

It will be understood that the wrench can be constructed of any size and in any style and that the details can be varied in practice as desired within the scope of the following claims.

What ll claim is: v

1. lin a wrench the combination of a xed jaw, a stirrup pivoted to said ixed jaw, a moving jaw pivoted to said stirrup, a rack on the back of said moving jaw, and an adit@ justing stirrup pivoted to. said fixed jaw at the same point as said first mentioned stirrup (5oacting with said rack.

2. lin a wrench the combination of a xed jaw, a moving jaw assembly pivoted to said @5 fixed jaw, a rack on said moving jaw assembly, and an adjusting stirrup pivoted to said fixed jaw and to said moving jaw assembly at tkhe same point, and co-acting with said rac MND 3n A wrench comprising a handle, a fixed jaw on said handle, a first stirrup pivoted to said handle, a lmoving jaw pivoted to said first stirrup, a rack on the back of said moving jaw, an ad] usting stirrup pivoted to said fixed jaw at the same point as said rst stirrup and s co-acting with said rack, and a spring urging said nioving jaw towards said fixed aw.

4. In a wrench the combination o a fixed jaw, two stirrups of xed lengths pivoted together at their inner ends and to said fixed Jaw at a common point, a jaw member pivoted to the outer end of one of said stirrups, and a rack on the back of said jaw member co-acting with the outer end of the other of said stirrups, the rack having such a contour that the j aw member varies its distance from the said common pivotal point as the said co-acting outer stirrup end moves along it.

5. In a wrench the combination of a fixed jawfa stirlup pivoted to said fixed jaw, a moving jaw pivoted to said stirrup, means independent of the swinging of said stirrup with respect to said fixed jaw for adjusting the angle between said moving jaw and said stirrup, and a single spring simultaneously urging said moving jaw against said angle adjusting means, and about said stirrup pivot towards said fixed jaw.

6. In a wrenchthe combination of a fixed jaw, a first stirrup pivoted to said fixed jaw, a moving jaw pivoted to said stirrup, a rack on the back of said moving jaw, an adjusting stirrup pivoted to said fixed j aw at the same point as said first stirrup and co-acting with said rack, and a compression spring abutting said fixed jaw and abutting said moving jaw at a point between its pivotal connection with said first stirrup and its outer end.

ln testimony whereof l have signed my name to this specication.

PAUL OLLAGNON. 

